With the S&P 500 finally returning to new record highs today, fully recovering the price correction this year, let’s take a look back at the correction, and where stocks can go from here.
As I said in my January 30 note “experience tells us that markets don’t go in a straight line. And with that, we should expect to have dips along the way for this bull market. Since 1946, the S&P 500 has had a 10% decline about once a year on average. A correction here would be healthy and would set the table for hotter earnings and hotter economic growth (coming down the pike) to ultimately drive the remainder of stock returns for the year.”
Fast forward eight months, and we’ve now had a 12% correction. And we’ve since had back-to-back quarters of 20%+ earnings growth, with an economy that is finally growing at better than 3% four-quarter average annualized growth.
Meanwhile, stocks remain cheap. The 10-year yield is still under 3%. And historically, when rates are low (sub 3% is still VERY low), stocks tend to trade north of 20 times earnings. The forward P/E on stocks at the moment is just 17. If we apply a 20x multiple to $170 in forward S&O 500 earnings, we get 3,400 in the S&P. That’s 19% higher.
With that in mind, let’s also revisit my chart on the long term growth rate of the S&P 500.
In the orange line, you can see what the S&P 500 looks like growing at 8% annualized (the long-run average growth rate) from the pre-crisis peak in 2007. This is where stocks should have gone, absent the near global economic apocalypse. And you can see the actual path for stocks in the blue line.
Bottom line: Despite the nice run we’ve had in stocks, off the bottom in 2009, we still have a big gap to make up (the difference between the blue line and the orange line). This is the lost decade for stocks.
This argues for another 28% higher in stocks to fill that gap.
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Back in July, we talked about the significance of the President of the European Commission coming to Washington to make a deal on trade. That was a big day for Trump’s fight to level the playing field on global trade.
Why? Because concessions out of Europe paved the way to more concessions globally.
That’s what we’re getting. Fast forward a little less than a month and now we have China (the center of the global trade dispute universe) coming back to the table on trade negotiations with the U.S.
This is what happens when you negotiate from a position of strength. Trump has the leverage of a strong economy, and the credibility to act on tough threats. And that is bringing about progress. Trading partners risk being left behind in the global economic recovery if they don’t play ball.
So we should expect “movement” from China. And movement equals success.
With that, as I said, I suspect that will be the catalyst to get stocks back on the path toward double-digit gains by year-end.
On Tuesday, we looked at the similarities between the recent currency collapse in Turkey, and the 2014 collapse of the Russian ruble.
And we looked at this chart of how the S&P 500 behaved back in 2014.
The S&P 500 is the proxy on global market stability. And stocks were shaken on Russia back in 2014. When the ruble collapsed, U.S. stocks lost 5% of its value in just 7 days.
But the decline was fully recovered in just 3 days.
Given the similarities of these two currency crises (a currency attack on a bad behaving leader), I thought we might see the same behavior in stocks this time. And that’s what we appear to be getting – a shallower decline but a swift recovery.
So, why the quick recovery?
As we also discussed on Tuesday, while the Turkish lira has been the center of attention in the financial media, the real reason global markets were shaking had more to do with China.
If a currency crisis that started in Turkey ended in China, there would be big geopolitical fallout.
As we’ve discussed over the past month, the biggest risk from China is a big one-off devaluation. That would stir up a response from other big trading partners (i.e. Europe and Japan), where they would likely coordinate to blocktrade from China all together. That’s where things would get very ugly and likely (ultimately) culminate in a military war.
But the probability of that outcome was reduced yesterday. We had news that a China delegation would travel to the U.S. to re-open trade negotiations. They’re coming back to the table.
So we should expect concessions from China. That’s good news for the globlal economy and for global stability. And that news drove the big bounce in stocks yesterday, which continued today. I suspect this will be the catalyst to get stocks back on the path toward a double-digit gains by year-end.
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We talked yesterday about the sharp currency devaluation in Turkey over the past few days. The Lira bounced aggressively today, which soothes some fears in global markets.
As I said, many have made comparisons to the Asian currency crisis of the late 90s, and have speculated on the potential for the events in Turkey to ultimately destabilize global markets. But as we discussed yesterday, this looks more like the 2014 currency attack on the Russian ruble — a geopolitically-driven crippling of an economy with bad behaving leadership.
With that in mind, here’s what happened to U.S. stocks back in 2014, when the ruble lost 5% of its value (vs the dollar) in just 7 days. But the decline was fully recovered in just 3 days.
U.S. stocks have been the proxy for global market stability throughout the past decade (the crisis and post-crisis era). So, for perspective on just how shaky the Turkey influence is being perceived, the S&P 500 sits just one percent off of all-time highs at today’s close.
Remember, the ECB stands ready to plug any holes necessary in European bank exposure to Turkish debt. That euro-denominated debt has been the risk people immediately homed in on.
The real question is, will this (currency crisis) ultimately end in China, with a revaluation of the yuan, or perhaps a free-floating yuan?
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We have a currency devaluation in Turkey that is shaking up markets. Let’s talk about what’s happening and why (if at all) it matters for the big picture outlook.
First, here’s a look at the Turkish lira chart (orange line moving up means a stronger U.S. dollar, weaker lira)…
Now, the problems in Turkey aren’t new. The country is economically fragile. But the collapse in the currency probably has more to do with its leadership – and the erosion of democracy in Turkey.
There are a lot of people comparing Turkey’s currency crisis to the Thai Baht devaluation in 1997 — which ultimately ignited a currency crisis in Asia, which culminated in a sovereign default in Russia. That’s the fear: a currency crisis turning into a contagion of sovereign debt defaults.
But Thailand was about economic policy – specifically, the Thai currency policy. Speculators attacked to close the valuation gap between the central bank managed currency and its economy.
This Turkey issue looks more like the collapse in the Russian Ruble in late 2014. That was geopolitically driven. Back in 2014, Putin was forcing his way into Ukraine – an affront to the Western world. This was viewed as a proxy war against the West. That led to capital flight out of Russia and speculative attack on the currency.
With this chart on the Ruble (the orange line going up means a stronger dollar and weaker ruble), Russia was quickly made vulnerable and on a sovereign debt default watch.
But like Turkey, the contagion risk was driven by Russia’s foreign currency denominated debt (primarily euro denominated debt owed to European banks).
With that said, the world wasn’t “normal” in 2014, nor is it now. Remember, the European Central Bank remains in quantitative easing mode. That means, we should expect central bank (or policy) intervention (if needed) to quell any shock risks that could come from European bank exposure to Turkish debt. So the ECB’s “ready to act” commitment of the post-financial crisis era should calm fears of contagion.
As for Turkey, the crippling effects of the currency attack should put pressure on the freshly re-elected Ergodan (i.e. should make him vulnerable to an uprising).
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Tomorrow we get the second quarter GDP number. We’ve gone from a consensus view that didn’t believe in the economic momentum, or in the value of fiscal stimulus, to a consensus view that is now looking for more than 4% annualized growth for the second quarter. The switch has flipped in just the past few months.
As a goal for the economy, we hear the 3% growth number thrown around quite a bit. That’s right around long-term trend growth (trend growth is a little higher). But the GDP report that gets the most attention is a quarterly annualized number, which is more of a reflection of what the economy would look like if we moved forward over the next few quarters with similar economic activity. That can be a very volatile number. And we can see big numbers, in good economies and in bad economies. This is where the politicians like to find ambiguity to argue over. The pro-Trumpers will say we’re growing at 3%, something Obama never achieved. And the Obama defenders will point to several 3%+ annualized quarters in the Obama era.
What’s more informative is the average annualized growth over the past four quarters. That’s where you can see smoother trends and considerable improvements in the Trumponomics world.
On that note, we may finally hit that 3% number tomorrow. If the GDP number comes in tomorrow at the Atlanta Fed’s expectations (4.5%), we will have the hottest growth since June 2006.
A 4.5% second quarter number would put the four-quarter average annualized growth at 3.175%–the highest since the pre-financial crisis days. You can also see in the chart, the steady improvement in growth since the election, first driven by the optimism of pro-growth policies, and now driven by policy execution, as deregulation and tax cuts are working through the system.
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Last week Larry Kudlow, the White House Chief Economic Advisor, hinted that Jean-Claude Juncker (head of European Commission) would be coming to Washington with some concessions on trade.
As I write, we’ve yet to hear the results of the Trump/Juncker meeting today, but this could be a major turning point in the perception of the U.S. trade offensive. Movement equals success. And in that case, concessions out of Europe may pave the way to more concessions globally. That signal could trigger a big rally in global markets.
One particular market to watch is copper. Copper is the first place you should look if you think the world is escaping the slugglish post-crisis growth period, and possibly entering an economic boom period. It has been sensitive to the global trade disputes. A clearing of that, would resume what should be a multi-year bull market in copper.
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We’ve been watching the Chinese currency very closely, as the Chinese central bank has been steadily marking down the value of its currency by the day, in efforts to offset U.S. trade tariffs.
Remember, in China, they control the value of their currency. And they’ve now devalued by 8% against the dollar since March. They moved it last night by the biggest amount in two years. That reduces the burden of the 25% tariff on $34 billion of Chinese goods that went into effect earlier this month.
But Trump is now officially on currency watch. Yesterday in a CNBC interview he said the Chinese currency is “dropping like a rock.” And he took the opportunity to talk down the dollar.
The Treasury Secretary is typically from whom you hear commentary about the dollar. And historically, the Treasury’s position has been “a strong dollar” is in the countries best interest. But Trump clearly doesn’t play by the Washington rule book. So he promoted his view on the dollar (at least his view for the moment)–and it may indeed swing market sentiment.
The dollar was broadly lower today. We’ll see if that continues. If so, it may neutralize the moves of China in the near term. Nonetheless, the U.S./China spat is reaching a fever pitch. Someone will have to blink soon. Trump has already threatened to tax all Chinese imports. The biggest risk from China would be a big surprise one-off devaluation. As we discussed yesterday, that would stir up a response from other big trading partners (i.e. Europe and Japan). And they may coordinate, in that scenario, a threat to block trade from China all together.
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Yesterday CNBC hosted their Delivering Alpha conference. This conference is primarily an opportunity for investors to hear views and ideas from some of Wall Street’s best.
However, the bigger picture geopolitical environment is far more important for the market at the moment, than what a big hedge fund manager thinks about valuation (for example).
On that note, there were some interesting takeaways from yesterday’s event. As we discussed yesterday, we heard from Larry Kudlow, the White House Chief Economic Advisor. And we also heard from Steve Bannon, the former White House Chief Strategist.
Bannon has been given plenty of unappealing labels by the media in recent years, but his perspective on the White House game plan and how it’s executing is invaluable. I think everyone would agree that the communication on the economy and foreign policy could be handled better by the White House.
And Bannon articulates the issues in the Trump plan, maybe better than anyone. It’s an interview everyone should watch (here’s a link).
As we’ve discussed here in my ProPerspectives piece since I started writing this nearly three years ago, the trade war is nothing new. And it’s all about China. As Bannon said, China has been waging an economic and cyber war with the U.S. for the better part of the past 25 years. Now they’ve run into a wrecking ball in Trump: someone with the leverage and the credibility to act on threats to end the gutting of global economies (including the U.S. and other major developed market economies). Bannonsays we’re in the early stages of a “reorientation of the supply-chain around freedom loving countries.”
As we’ve discussed, the best reflection of China’s strategic response to Trump’s pressure is their currency. What are they doing with it? They continue to walk it lower every day. This is a signal that they have no options–playing by the rules and getting slower economic growth isn’t an option for the ruling regime in China. They can only fight back by offsetting tariffs with a weaker currency. And that may ultimately lead to blocking China trade completely.
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Yesterday we talked about the set up for the Dow. In the past couple of trading sessions, it traded perfectly into the trendline (support) that represents the run in stocks following the 2016 election.
It’s especially compelling when we consider that the Dow has been the laggard coming out of the broad stock market correction. As I said yesterday, this sets up for a second half where money should aggressively move back toward the blue chips.
With this in mind, I want to revisit some analysis I talked about last July. It’s from billionaire investor Larry Robbins (of the hedge fund Glenview Capital).
Robbins looked back at the important influence of low interest rate environments on stocks. He said “every time ONE of these following conditions has existed, the market has produced positive returns.
Here they are again:
When the 30-year bond yield begins the year below 4%, stocks go up 22.1%.
When investment grade bonds yield below 4%, stocks go up 16%.
When high yield bonds yield below 8%, stocks go up 11.6%.
When cash as a percent of asset for non-financials is above 10%, stocks go up 17.6%.
When the Fed tightens 0-75 basis points in the year, stocks go up 22%.
When oil falls more than 20%, stocks go up 27.5%.
His study showed that there has NEVER been a down year in stocks, when any ONE of the above conditions is met.
Now, we looked at this last year this time, and the S&P 500 finished up close to 20% on the year. It also worked in 2015. And it worked in 2016.
Does it apply this year? All apply, with the exception of oil. Oil is UP, big. And assuming the Fed hikes one more time this year. Still, as Robbins said, we need just ONE of these conditions to be met. The point is, low interest rates tend to make stocks go UP. That’s because global capital tends to reach for more risk to get return in a world where risk-free bonds aren’t compensating them enough.
Bottom line: Ignore all of the geopolitical noise. Low rates continue to tell us stocks will go up. And to make it easy for us, the DJIA is starting today at essentially the zero line — flat on the year!
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