Stocks continue to rise today, up another 1% on the Dow. So year-to-date, the Dow is up 20% now, the S&P 500 is up 17% and the Russell 2000 is up 13%. Remember, most of Wall Street was expecting 3%-4% returns for stocks this year.
What did they miss? Mostly the rise in optimism surrounding the incoming pro-growth government.
With consumer and corporate balance sheets as good as we’ve seen in a long time, unemployment at 4.1% and corporate earnings growing at a 10% clip through the first three quarters, and tax cuts coming, we should expect almost everything to go up.
As for tax cuts, that got a step closer today, as it was approved by the Senate budget committee. Now it goes to a vote on the floor of the Senate.
All of this, and market interest rates are going nowhere. The 10-year yield, at 2.33%, is just about where we started the year. That’s, in part, being weighed down by some comments by incoming Fed Chair Jerome Powell.
Today, Powell gave prepared remarks and took questions for his confirmation hearing with the Senate today. The general view has been that Powell is a like-thinker to Yellen, but with partisan alignment for the president.
But under Yellen’s leadership at the Fed, the overly optimistic forecasts about inflation and the rate path affected consumer behaviors and nearly stalled the recovery last year. They had to reverse course on their projections and game plan early in 2016. And then we had the election, and the prospects of fiscal stimulus, and the Fed (under Yellen) went back to the script of telegraphing a more restrictive rate environment.
Now, with that in mind, I thought early on that Trump would show Yellen the door. And I expected him to appoint a new Fed Chair that was a clear dove–someone that would leave rates alone (given the weak inflation) and let fiscal stimulus feed into the recovering economy, to finally fuel some animal spirits. Do no harm to the economy. Even Bernanke suggested the Fed should let the economy run hot, warning not to kill the recovery by setting expectations for tighter credit coming down the pike.
From Powell’s comments today, it sounds like we may be getting less Yellen than people have believed. In his short prepared remarks, he made an effort to say he strives to support the economy’s progress toward full recovery. He implied the job market needs more improvement, and that he favors easing the regulatory burden on banks. This doesn’t sound like a guy that thinks the economy can withstand mechanically stepping rates higher in the face of weak inflation and sub-trend growth.
Yesterday we talked about the comeback underway in Wal-Mart and the steps it has made to challenge Amazon, and to challenge the idea that Amazon will crush everyone.
It’s beginning to look like the “decline of the retail store” may have bottomed too.
And it so happens that it may have bottomed precisely when a new ETF launched to capitalize on that story. ProShares launched it yesterday, and that is the name of it –ProShares Decline Of The Retail Store ETF. It gives you short exposure to bricks and mortar retailers.
It’s off to a bad start–down 3% in the first day of trading.
For retail, the week started with a big earnings beat for Advance Auto Parts (the stock was up as much as 20% on Tuesday). Then it was Wal-Mart. And today we had earnings beats in Foot Locker and Abercrombie and Fitch.
With this, while the Dow and S&P 500 were down on the day, the small-cap (Russell 2000) was up nicely. Here’s why …
As bad as retail has been, the energy sector remains the worst performing for the year–down 11% year-to-date as a sector and the only sector in the red. This, as oil has reversed from down 22% on the year, to up around 5%, with a very bullish outlook.
This sets up for a big year ahead for energy stocks. And if you believe the worst of the economic challenges are behind us, the survivors in retail could have quite a revival–especially if Amazon begins to see more regulatory scrutiny.
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After some broad selling across markets yesterday, stocks bounced back today. With that, you might expect interest rates to push up and commodities to be rising too. That was not the case, which continues the trend of the past week (or so) of odd market behavior.
About a tenth of the strength in the S&P 500 can be attributed to Wal-Mart. Wal-Mart had a big earnings beat today with the best sales growth since before the financial crisis.
With that, let’s take a look at how Amazon’s war on traditional retail has affected Wal-Mart.
It wasn’t long ago that Wal-Mart was the biggest company in the world. It topped the Fortune 500 list from 2002 through 2005, and then again in 2007 (with a more than $300 billion market cap). At that time, Amazon was a $25 billion company. And then the financial crisis hit. Wal Mart was almost put out of business because of the global credit freeze. And then we had massive intervention to get credit moving again and to save the economy. With that intervention came a massive fiscal stimulus package. A huge chunk of it flooded into Silicon Valley (pension money followed it).
And, since then, although Amazon was a decade old company at the time, Amazon has had a trajectory similar to the other big tech giants of today. It’s more than 20 times as big today.
For perspective, in 2006, Wal-Mart was a $315 billion company. Today, the U.S. economy is 34% bigger than it was in 2006 (about $5 trillion bigger). And Wal-Mart is 15% smaller than it was in 2006 (at a market cap of $268 billion).
But Wal-Mart has finally started fighting for its life.
They bought a controlling stake in JD.com in the middle of last year to access the growing middle class in China. JD.com is the number two e-commerce site in China, but is rapidly closing the gap between itself and Alibaba (number 1). And JD has competitive advantages over Alibaba, in that, like Amazon, it owns its distribution centers and has control over quality (unlike an ebay and Alibaba). They’ve since upped the stake to 20% and may ultimately buy all of it. And Wal-Mart bought the startup Jet.com in the U.S. in August of last year. If they continue to win share in China through JD.com, this gap between Amazon and Wal-Mart may begin to start closing.
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Over the past two weeks we’ve talked about the two big central bank events. The first was the ECB’s decision last week. As expected, they signaled they will be exiting QE. The second was the anticipated announcement of a new Fed chair. This is a high consequence decision.
I thought early on that the President would show Yellen the door, given that the rate hiking campaign she has been leading at the Fed poses a threat to choke off the impact of the big fiscal stimulus efforts that have been the hallmark of the Trump Presidency.
She stayed longer than I expected. But today we get her replacement: the current voting Fed governor Jerome Powell. Powell has voted with Yellen, along the way. So, it doesn’t appear to be a philosophical change and it doesn’t appear to be a person Trump can influence – but he offers the President party alignment.
I thought Neel Kashkari had postured perfectly to get the job. He has experience at the Treasury overseeing the TARP program through the ugliest period of the financial crisis. And he’s a newbie Fed governor, but one that has dissented on rate hikes and argued to wait for inflation to take hold before moving on rates (to ensure sustainability of the recovery). That view aligns much friendlier with the Trump administrations economic plan.
The Fed chair role was, arguably (unquestionably, to me), the most important role in the world under the Bernanke reign. Bernanke was the right guy, in the right place, at the right time. As a student of the Great Depression he led the Fed through decisions that pulled the world back from the edge of total collapse. At stages through the crisis, the Fed and Bernanke took a lot of heat – and a lot of it came from world leaders, and even global central banks. But had the Fed not swiftly acted to help foreign banks early on (that were frozen from the lack of access of U.S. dollars), the global financial system would have imploded.
Other central banks then underestimated the scale of the crisis and started hiking rates too early, in 2010 and 2011, which ultimately put them back in to recession (most notably, Europe). The Fed stayed put.
Over time, Bernanke’s Fed (and his aggressive QE) proved to be right, and ultimately provided the playbook for major central banks to follow.
Under the Yellen regime, the track record has been spotty, nearly killing the recovery last year, by continually telegraphing a much tighter credit environment ahead. But the policy course was bailed out by the election of a new President and administration that is hell-bent on pumping up the economy.
Now Powell takes over at a more critical juncture. The execution on fiscal stimulus is beginning to materialize, and we’ll get to see how he navigates it. Hopefully, he’ll let the economy run a little hot (chase inflation from behind), and not allow rates (or the perception of tighter credit) to kill the animal spirits that can accompany big tax cuts and government spending programs.
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The Fed decision today was a snoozer, as expected. The market continues to think we get a third rate hike for the year in December (fourth since the election).
Thus far, with three hikes, we’ve had just about the equivalent (just shy of 75 basis points) priced-in to the 10-year Treasury market. Yields popped from about 1.70% on election night (just about a year ago) to a high of 2.64%. We’ve had some swings since, but we sit now at roughly 2.40% (70 basis points higher over the past year).
We revisited yesterday, the prospects for some significant wage growth (and therefore inflation), with the fuel of fiscal stimulus feeding into an already tight (but underemployed) labor market.
The Treasury market isn’t pricing that scenario in, at all.
In fact, the yield curve continues to look more like a world that doesn’t fully believe fiscal stimulus is happening (or will happen), and does believe the Fed is more likely damaging the economy through its rate “normalization.”
That’s a bet that continues to underprice the prospects of fiscal stimulus. And, therefore, that’s a bet that continues to be disconnected from the message other key markets are sending. Over the past six months, we’ve talked the case for stocks to go much higher. We’ve talked about the opportunities in European and Japanese stocks (German stocks hitting new record highs and Japanese stocks nearing new 26-year highs today). We’ve talked a lot about the building bull market in commodities. We’ve talked about the positive signals that copper has been sending, as the leading indicator of a global economic turning point. We’ve talked about the outlook for much higher oil prices – oil hit $55 today. (July 30: Explosive Move Coming For Oil And Commodities Stocks).
And oil prices, whether the central banks like to admit it or not, heavily impact inflation, inflation expectations and policy making decisions.
With that, this next chart suggests that market interest rates are about to make a move (higher).
Source: Billionaire’s Portfolio
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Let’s take a look today at what fiscal stimulus might do to inflation.
The central banks have been able to boost asset prices. They’ve been able to restore stability so that people felt confident enough to hire, spend and invest again. But the scars from over-indebtedness have left demand weak. And because of that, despite the recovery of the unemployment to under 5%, the quality of jobs haven’t returned. And, therefore, the leverage to command higher wages hasn’t been there. That’s been the missing piece of the recovery puzzle.
And with that, we’ve had an ultra-low inflation recovery. That sounds great (low inflation).
But inflation at these low levels has had us (through much of the past decade) teetering on the edge of deflation. That’s bad news.
Among the many threats throughout the crisis period, a deflationary spiral was one of the Fed’s most feared. Central bankers can fight inflation (by raising rates). But they can’t fight deflation when consumer psychology takes over. When people hold on to their money thinking things will be cheaper tomorrowthan they are today, that mindset can bring the economy to a dead halt. It’s a formula that can become irreversible.
And that’s what has kept the Fed (and global central banks) sitting at ultra-low levels of interest rates – to keep the recovery momentum moving so that they don’t have to fight a deflationary spiral (as they have in Japan, unsuccessfully, for two decades).
Now, enter fiscal stimulus. We’re getting fiscal stimulus into an already tight employment market.
Real wages (employee purchasing power) has barely budged for two decades. Introducing big tax cuts and government spending into an economy that has low unemployment and the best consumer credit worthiness on record should pop demand. And that should finally give us some wage growth – maybe bigwage growth.
All of the inflationists that thought QE was going to cause hyper-inflation were wrong – they didn’t understand the severity and breadth of the crisis. Now, after global unlimited QE has barely moved the needle on inflation, the inflation hawks have been lulled to sleep. It may be time to wake them up.
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On Friday we talked about the biggest market movers: oil, copper and iron ore.
Oil was up 5.3% on the week. Copper was up 4%. And iron ore reversed sharply on Friday to jump 6%.
All were stronger again today.
Remember, China is the world’s largest consumer of commodities. And the import data late last week out of China showed hotter imports in copper and copper products (26.5% growth, year over year), iron ore (record high imports, up 10% from a year earlier), and crude oil imports hit the second highest level on record (up 12% year over year).
This leaves us wondering: Is China’s economy doing better than most think? And/or is this China hoarding commodities again?
At the depths of the financial crisis, China opportunistically stepped in and started gobbling up global commodities on the cheap (at the time).
Remember, China has $3 trillion in currency reserves, about $2 trillion of which are in U.S. dollars. Commodities are a good way to put those dollars to work.
And there always seems to be currency play at work in China, to gain some sort of advantage. You can see in the chart below, as the PBOC has weakened the yuan, commodities prices have fallen. And as they’ve been strengthening the currency this year, we may be seeing commodities coming back as a result.
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For much of the summer, while the world has been obsessed with Trump tweets, we’ve talked about the sharp but under-acknowledged move in copper and the message it was sending about the global economy and China (the biggest consumer of commodities), specifically. As I’ve said, people should Stop Watching Trump And Start Watching Copper.
Why copper? It is often an early indicator of economic cycles. People love to say copper ‘has a Ph.D. in economics’ because it tends to top early at economic peaks and bottom early at economic troughs. And it tends to lead a bull market in broader commodities.
Well, copper bottomed on January 15. Fast forward to today; the most important industrial metal in the world is up 24% on the year and sniffing back toward three-year highs. While the world continues to focus on Washington drama, this continues to be the proverbial “bell” ringing to signal a pop in economic growth is coming, and a big run for commodities investors is ripe for the taking.
With that in mind, we’ve talked in recent days again about the research from the top minds in commodities investing, Leigh Goehring and Adam Rozencwajg (managers of the commodities funds, ticker GRHIX and GRHAX). We know they like oil. In fact they think we see triple-digit oil prices by early next year.
They love the commodities trade in general. They have one of the most compelling charts I’ve seen in my 20-year career, to support the view that there is a generational bull breaking lose in commodities.
Stocks minted billionaires in the 1980s. Currencies minted billionaires in the 1990s. Tech and housing (bust) minted billionaires in the early 2000s. Then it was equity activism (stocks). The next opportunity looks like commodities.
In this chart below you can see, as Goehring and Rozencwajg say, commodities are as cheap today as they have ever been. “Only in the depths of the Great Depression and at the end of the dying Bretton Woods Gold Exchange Standard did commodities reach this level of undervaluation relative to equities.”
With this, they say, for those that can block out the noise, “there is a proverbial fortune to be made if they invest today.”
Here’s an excerpt from their most recent investor letter on their work on the stocks to commodities valuation:
“When commodities are this cheap relative to stocks, the returns accruing to commodity investors have been spectacular. For example, had an investor bought the Goldman Sachs Commodity Index (or something equivalent) in 1970, by 1974 he would have compounded his money at 50% per year. From 1970 to 1980 commodities compounded anually in price by 20%. If the same investor had bought commodities in 2000, he would have also compounded his money at 20% for the next ten years–especially attractive considering the broad stock market indicies returned nothing over the same period.”
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Stocks are sliding more aggressively today. Wall Street and the media always have a need to assign a reason when stocks move lower. There have been plenty of negatives and uncertainties over the past seven months — none of which put a dent in a very strong opening half for stocks.
But markets don’t go straight up. Trends have retracements. Bull markets have corrections. And despite what many people think, you don’t need a specific event to turn markets. Price can many times be the catalyst.
If we look across markets, it’s safe to say it doesn’t look like a market that is pricing in nuclear war. Gold is higher, but still under the highs of a month ago. The 10 year yield is 2.21%. Two weeks ago, it was 2.22%. That doesn’t look like global capital is fleeing all parts of the world to find the safest parking place.
Now, on the topic of North Korea, the media has found a new topic to obsess about– and to obsessively denounce the administration’s approach. With that, let’s take a look at the Trump geopolitical strategy of calling a spade a spade.
As we know, Mexico was the target heading into the election. Trump’s tough talk against illegal immigration and drug trafficking drew plenty of scrutiny. People feared the protectionist threats, especially the potential of alienating the U.S. from its third biggest trading partner. We’re still trading with Mexico. And the U.S. is doing better. So is Mexico. Mexican stocks are up 11% this year. The Mexican currency is up 13% this year.
China has been a target for Trump. He’s been tough on China’s currency manipulation and, hence, the lopsided trade that contributed heavily to the credit crisis. Despite all of the predictions, a trade war hasn’t erupted. In fact, China has appreciated its currency by 5% this year. That’s a huge signal of compliance. That’s among the fastest pace of currency appreciation since they abandoned the peg against the dollar more than 12 years ago (which was China’s concession to threats of a 30% trade tariff that was threatened by two senators, Schumer and Graham, back in 2005). And even in the face of a stronger currency (which drags on exports, a key driver of the economy), stocks are up 5% in China through the first seven months of the year.
Bottom line: It’s fair to say, the tough talk has been working. There has been compromise and compliance. So now Trump has stepped up the pressure on North Korea, and he has been pressuring China, to take the side of the rest of the world, and help with the North Korea situation – and through China is how the North Korea threat will likely get resolved.
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As we know, inflation has been soft. Yet the Fed has been moving on rates, assuming that they have room to move away from zero without counteracting the same data that is supposed to be driving their decision to increase rates.
Thus far, after four (quarter point) increases to the Fed funds rate, the moves haven’t resulted in a noticeable tightening of financial conditions. That’s mainly because the interest rate market that most key consumer rates are tied to have remained low. Because inflation has remained low.
A key contributor to low inflation has been low oil prices (though the Fed doesn’t like to admit it) and commodity prices in general that have yet to sustain a recovery from deeply depressed levels (see the chart below).
But that may be changing.
Commodities have been lagging the rest of the “reflation” trade after the value of the index was cut in half from the 2011 highs. Remember, we looked at this divergence between the stocks and commodities last month. Commodities are up 6% since.
Things are picking up. Here’s the makeup of the broadly followed commodities index.
You can see, energy has a heavy weighting. And oil, with another strong day today, looks like a break out back to the $50 level is coming.With today’s inventory data, we’ve now had 12 out of the past 14 weeks that oil has been in a draw (drawing down on supply = bullish for prices). And with that backdrop, the CRB index, after being down as much as 13% this year, bottomed following the optimistic central bank commentary last month, and is looking like it may be in the early stages of a big catch-up trade. And higher oil (and commodity prices in general) will likely translate into higher inflation expectations.
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Yesterday we talked about the comeback underway in Wal-Mart and the steps it has made to challenge Amazon, and to challenge the idea that Amazon will crush everyone.
After some broad selling across markets yesterday, stocks bounced back today. With that, you might expect interest rates to push up and commodities to be rising too. That was not the case, which continues the trend of the past week (or so) of odd market behavior.
Over the past two weeks we’ve talked about the two 
Let’s take a look today at what fiscal stimulus might do to inflation.
On Friday we talked about the biggest market movers: oil, copper and iron ore.
