October 19, 2020

It's a big earnings week.  We'll hear from about 20% of the S&P 500. 

To this point, for Q3, 86% of those that have reported have beaten earnings estimates — and 82% have beaten revenue estimates.

Positive surprises are great, but the earnings decline is running around 18% — that's aggregate earnings down 18% from the same period a year ago. 

Of course, earnings can opportunistically be managed lower/weaker.  And the pandemic environment offers an easy opportunity for companies to take their medicine now — to put all the bad news (write-offs, write-downs, divestitures, etc.) on the table, to optimize earnings coming out of the economic downturn.  

With that, what is maybe most interesting number to watch in this earnings season, is year-over-year revenue change.  On that note, despite the record economic contraction of the second quarter, the year-over-year Q3 revenue decline (to this point in the reporting) is only 3%.  

This is thanks, in large part, to the sharp recovery in personal consumption expenditures  — now down just 3.4% from the record highs of February. 

And PCE is thanks to this chart …   
Household net worth has recovered to record highs.
 

And that is clearly thanks to the multi-trillion dollar policy response, which has 1) put money directly in the hands of consumers, 2) kept many of them attached to a job, with the visibility of re-employment, 3) kept employers solvent, and 4) promoted higher asset values. 

So, the policy bridge has worked, to this point.  But as we know, the path of the economy depends on the path of the virus.  The positive news on that front:  While cases continue to grow, the death rate continues to decline

The case fatality rate continues to trend down — now down to 2.6%.  The infection fatality rate, which factors in the CDC's assumption on the real infection rate (which includes undiagnosed infections, which they believe to be at least 10x that of diagnosed infections) continues to converge toward the annual flu rate.  Applying a 10x multiple to diagnosed cases, we get a real infection fatality rate of 0.26%.  This argues for a continuation of the economic recovery path, even without more stimulus. 

October 16, 2020

We now have 18 days until the election.  And the level of uncertainty should only rise as the day nears. 

From now until election day, based on the evolution of the polls in 2016, we should expect the polling gap between Biden and Trump to narrow, which will add to the uncertainty

With this in mind, we approach this very high stakes day, with stocks (S&P 500) up almost 8% for the year.  That’s in-line with the long run average return on stocks – in a year of an economic shutdown and pandemic!

 

But this number will almost certainly change, and likely dramatically over the next four weeks. 

Remember, this is what the chart of stocks looked like on the night of the 2016 election.  

And you can also see how that compares to the surprise Brexit vote, that summer.

But you'll also notice, in both cases, stocks came back quickly.  These sharp declines have more to do with air pockets in liquidity, rather than an abundance of sellers running for the exits.  For example, the sharp decline in 2016 was in the futures market overnight (very thin markets).  By the time the cash market opened, the losses were mostly recovered (and stocks finished up big on the day).

Add to this:  This year, unlike 2016, the Fed is on red alert.  In the Fed's view, stocks are key in maintaining confidence and stability. With that, I wouldn't be surprised to see the Fed (post-election) intervene in the stock market (if needed), to keep stocks stable-to-rising.  They're already outright involved in the stock market as buyers of corporate bond ETFs.  

October 15, 2020

With the election looming large, we get town halls tonight from both Biden and Trump, head-to-head on different networks. 

Everyone knows how the polls lean.  Let's take a look at how things look, at this stage, compared to 2016. 

Here's a look at the evolution of the polls for both Trump/Clinton and Trump/Biden. 

As you can see, the margin has been even more favorable for Biden, than it was for Clinton for much of the way.  But the path has been similar, and that would suggest that we should start seeing the polls tighten from here on out.  And we have a catalyst at work, with the town halls tonight. 

Let's take a look at the electoral map …

As we know, the electoral map favors democrats.  Before the voting starts, Real Clear Politics has the democrats starting line is at 216 electoral votes, the republicans start at 125 — assuming the gray states are close enough to call "toss-ups."  The winner needs 270. 

Let's talk about stimulus.  I've thought for a while now that there was no path to a deal.  I'm beginning to think we might see a deal before the election, because Trump my concede.  Why? If he wins the election and continues with a split Congress, he won't get another penny from Congress, unless the economy gets very, very ugly.  Same can be said for a Biden win.  If Biden wins and has a split Congress, there is no path to executing his $2 trillion clean energy plan — unless the economy gets very, very ugly.  
 

October 14, 2020

Yesterday we talked about earnings from Citi and JPMorgan.

Both were positive surprises on earnings and revenues.

Remember, as we discussed going into last quarter's reports, the banks have been primed by Fed and government intervention, to be profit printing machines.

So, let's take a look at the other two, of the biggest four banks in the country—Wells Fargo and Bank of America.

The results reported today were pretty much in line with estimates. But like Citi and JPM, both look a lot better than the headlines suggest.

For Bank of America, deposits were up 23% yoy. Investment banking fees were up 15%. And wealth management client balances hit record levels. If you add back the $1.4 billion they added to their war chest of loan loss reserves, their EPS gets closer to 0.70 a share, which is in line with 2019 quarterly numbers.

Wells Fargo is the worst of the bunch, by far, and may be one of the most hated bank stocks—which makes it interesting.

It's an early turnaround story, still working off the wounds of an account churning scandal from many years ago. And for a CEO that's only a year on the job, he has been given the opportunity to take all the medicine—to pull forward all the losses. There is no better time than in a global crisis (especially when the Fed has your back) to put all the bad news you can muster on the table. And it looks like CEO Charlie Scharf is working on it.

Wells put up $2 billion in net income in the third quarter, after taking $2.4 billion in charges. That includes booking losses to the tune of $961 million for "customer remediation" (refunds to customers for overcharging accounts) and $718 million for "restructuring charges" (severance payments). And it realized $769 million for credit losses, against a war chest of more than $20 billion in loan loss reserves.

As we discussed yesterday, assuming a continued economic recovery, the banks will ultimately distribute a lot of their loan loss reserves to shareholders.  In the case of Wells Fargo, that's over $20 billion.

October 13, 2020

Two of the "big four" banks reported Q3 earnings this morning. 

Remember, as we discussed going into last quarter's reports, the banks have been primed by Fed and government intervention, to be profit printing machines

The Fed, Treasury and Congress pumped trillions of dollars into the economy to keep consumers and businesses solvent. That's a direct backstop (protection) against loan losses.  And the Fed created tremendous revenue opportunities for the banks. They eliminated the reserve requirement for banks — taking the ratio from 10% to zero.  The banks are incentivized to make an infinite amount of loans.  The Fed is also a buyer of corporate bonds, reducing risk in the credit markets, which has driven record volumes in new corporate debt issuance.  That drives investment banking business at the big banks. And the liquidity deluge from the Fed has created a broad stock market boom, which drives trading revenue. 

So, despite the fragile economy, the banks are probably as low risk as they've ever been, because they will continue to be defended (if need be) by the Fed.

Not surprisingly, both beat expectations on earnings and on revenues for Q3. 

JP Morgan, the biggest bank in the country, made $9.4 billion on the quarter.  That's $2.92 in EPS — a record!   

But that was only a record quarter because last quarter, Q2, they stripped out $8.9 billion and set it aside for "loan loss provisions."  If you add that back, in Q2 the worst quarter in U.S. economic history, JP Morgan really made a record $13.6 billion, on record revenue.

That's a tough pill to swallow (even moreso three months ago) for the tens of millions of Americans sitting at home wondering if they'll keep a job or return to their old job anytime soon.  With that, the bank (and its peers) managed down earnings last quarter, by carving a huge chunk out to for "reserves."

This quarter, with the economy roaring back, both Citi and JPM let most of the earnings flow to the bottom line (they dialed down the loan loss provisions dramatically … just $314 million for Citi on the quarter and $611 million for JPM). 

But here's where it gets very interesting.  Assuming the economic recovery continues, this war chest of loan loss reserves will ultimately become earnings for the big banks, to be realized at their discretion.  That's a lot of earnings to distribute to shareholders. 

October 12, 2020

Stocks open the week up big.  Last week, it was many of the relative underperformers of recent years, that were the winners on the week:  small caps, infrastructure stocks, utilities.

Today it was a return of the seemingly indiscriminate flood of money into big tech.  Google was up 3.6%.  Amazon was up 4.8%. Facebook, up over 4%. Apple was up 6%. Twitter was up 5%.      

Is it stimulus? 

Despite a lot of jawboning over the weekend, a deal on stimulus doesn't seem any more likely. 

Is it China? 

Maybe.  The Chinese central bank removed a reserve requirement for financial institutions on foreign currency liabilities over the weekend.  This tends to be a move to weaken the yuan.  And that tends to move money out of China.  Money from China used to flow into our Treasury market, now there seems to be very healthly flows into a new store of value: U.S. big tech monopolies.

Is it earnings? 

Probably.  Third quarter earnings kick into gear this week.  We'll hear from Citi and JP Morgan tomorrow. 

As we know, Wall Street and corporate America will always take the opportunity to dial down expectations when possible.  They've been given the mother of excuses through the first two quarters of the year.  And they have taken advantage, setting the bar very, very low (if they have even provided guidance).  In the earnings game, expectations are set to be beaten.  And with an economy that has bounced back on the order of 35% annualized growth for Q3, we may see some broad and big earnings beats in the coming weeks. 

As of Friday afternoon, twenty-two S&P 500 companies had already reported, and twenty have beaten estimates.  So 91% of the companies have beat on earnings thus far.  And the average earnings beat is 25% above estimates. 

So, with a market looking for a 17% year-over-year earnings decline for S&P 500 companies in the third quarter, it appears to be set up for some positive surprises.

Stocks seem to be anticipating this, as we are sniffing toward the record highs in the S&P 500 today.   

October 9, 2020

As we end the week, we continue to hear the talk of more stimulus.  And it continues to look like it won't happen.

Why?  Because there is little political gain for the democrats to accept a deal that doesn't advance/fund the agenda they look to pursue in a Biden presidency. 

Still, as we discussed yesterday, the economic rebound has been incredibly aggressive, on pace for 35% annualized growth for Q3.  The question is, will the bridge that has been created with the help of the PPP program and stimulus checks fall short?  If the economy doesn't fully open very soon OR if we don't get another relief package very soon, it's only a matter of time before the bridge runs out and the suffering is amplified.

My view:  If we get a democrat sweep, expect a massive package to come, to kickstart the Biden $2 trillion climate response plan.  If we get a republican sweep (much lower probability), expect a trillion dollar plus infrastructure package. 

A split Congress, in the case of either president, would mean no more money, unless we get an extended pandemic timeline.  In that case, history shows us that you get action from a split Congress only when they get scared.  

With the above said, the odds makers now have a "blue wave" priced at a better than 60% probability.  Given that it would clear a path for a big government spending package (even bigger deficit spending), the markets have started adjusting for that outcome.  For the week, that has resulted in higher stocks, higher interest rates, higher commodity prices, and a weaker dollar. 

October 8, 2020

Third quarter earnings kick off next week with the banks.

JP Morgan and Citi will report on Tuesday.  Bank of America and Wells Fargo will report on Wednesday. 

These earnings should be very good.  Remember, the Fed is absorbing all credit risk.  And the Fed, Treasury and Congress have flooded the country with money.  This all makes the banks, profit printing machines

With that, even in a 31% economic contraction (in the second quarter), the banks put of big numbers (in some cases record numbers), while trying to manage those numbers down, by setting aside huge "provisions for loan losses."    

As we discussed after the Q2 reports, in this crisis environment, if a worst-case scenario were to unfold, even the war chest of capital these big banks have set aside wouldn't come close to absorbing the losses.  That's why the Fed, Treasury and Congress had to, and did, go all-in — and did so quickly — to neutralize the economic apocalypse scenario.  And there is no pulling back.  So, if they need to do more, they will.

What does that mean?  It means the tens of billions of dollars that each of the big banks have earmarked as loan loss provisions, will ultimately be used at the discretion of the banks to juice earnings in the future, where they see fit.

So, with that in mind, they have operated through the third quarter with a glide path to profits, and won't have the excuse to build bigger loss reserves in this coming report.   And they were operating in an economy that has done this over the third quarter … 

As you can see above, the latest Atlanta Fed GDP model is forecasting a 35% annualized growth in the third quarter – a huge bounce back.  If the fourth quarter grows at all, the economy should be at record output by early next year. 

October 7, 2020

Stocks took a hit yesterday afternoon after Trump instructed his team to walk from negotiations on a big stimulus package.

Today, the losses in markets were fully recovered on this …

Just like that, Trump has put the ball back in the court of the democrats. 
 
It seems unimaginable that Pelosi and company would comply with this suggestion/demand.  They lose all leverage to get what they want out of a stimulus package (what they want is not in this tweet). 

Now Trump gets to tell the American people, he's ready to sign, to get money in your hands, to keep your business afloat, but the democrats refuse.  

And this could bring about the Executive Order option we've discussed.  

Remember, less than two weeks ago, in his testimony to the Senate Banking Committee, Mnuchin said there was there is $200 billion of unspent money from Cares Act 1.0, and $130 billion of unspent money from the Payroll Protection Program.  That's $330 billion. 

 
The airline and additional PPP money in his tweet totals $160 billion.  That leaves $170 billion in the kitty for stimulus checks.  In the last round, the government sent 160 million payments.  On a flat $1,200, for those that qualify, that would amount to $192 million.

As for markets, with the level of turmoil, most would expect to see the “flight to safety trade” working — with the dollar, treasuries and gold serving as a hiding place.  None are working. 

 
Rather, what seems to be at work in markets, is the positioning for a Biden Climate Change Plan.  The big loser in that, is the fossil fuel industry.  Biden has vowed to end fossil fuels. 
 

On the other hand, the big winner, on the week and month, has been utilities.  His plan targets net zero carbon dioxide by 2035, and a $2 trillion outlay. This would be a big payoff on the renewal energy investments that many U.S. utility companies have already made. 

October 6, 2020

We've talked a lot about the ongoing fiscal stimulus negotiations, dating back to early August.  My view has always been, it's not going to happen.

Today we get this …    

Let's talk about how we got here …

First, the economy only contracted by 31% in Q2, and is only about to do 30%+ growth in Q3, because Powell (the Fed) was quick to respond with the bazooka of monetary stimulus back in March, and Mnuchin/Trump (Treasury Secretary/the White House) and the Senate were quick to coordinate an unthinkable $2 trillion fiscal stimulus package, that included cash handouts to consumers and businesses.

 
They locked down on March 16, and had a bill passed in the republican-led Senate on March 25.  All involved were only able to respond so quickly, and so aggressively, because of the lessons learned from their intimate involvement in the global financial crisis (just 12 years earlier).  
 
Lamenting an opportunity missed, the democrat-led house came around in JUNE with a package of their own, to respond to a problem that was already being addressed with the initial $2 trillion package, much of which had still yet to be spent.  

With that, the democrat package has always been about cramming in climate change initiatives, state and local government bailouts and voting reform.  And with that, there has never been a chance the republicans would give that ground.  So no deal. 

But, as we've discussed, there remains a path to getting money into people's hands. There is $200 billion of unspent money from Cares Act 1.0. And there is $130 billion of unspent money from the Payroll Protection Program.  Trump may reallocate those funds, once again, by Executive Order.  This would bridge the country to a full reopening of the economy (in the case of Trump re-election).  In the case of a Biden win, and democratic sweep, we would be sure to see the full democrat stimulus package deployed.  

What about a Trump win and a continuation of the split Congress?  I suspect we may see a war-time stimulus package, as he turns the focus toward "confronting our problems" (i.e. China).