We’ve talked this week about the pressure that rising U.S. market interest rates are putting on emerging markets.
The fear surrounding the big 3% marker for U.S. 10-year yields is that 3% may quickly become 4%. And a 4% yield, much less a quick adjustment in this key benchmark interest rate, would cause some problems.
Not only does it create capital flight out of areas of the world where rates are low, and monetary policy is heading the opposite direction of the Fed, but a quick move to a 4% yield on the 10-year would certainly cloud the U.S. economic growth picture, as higher mortgage and consumer borrowing rates would start chipping away at economic activity.
With that said, we may have a reprieve with the action today in the bond market.
As we head into the weekend, today we get a softening in the rates market. And that came with a big technical reversal pattern (an outside day).
You can see in the chart above, the engulfing range of the day. This technical phenomenon, when closing near the lows, is a very good predictor of tops and bottoms in markets, especially with long sustained trends.
I suspect we may have seen some global central bank buyers of our Treasurys today (which puts downward pressure on yields) to take a bite out of the momentum. We will see if this quiets the rate market next week, for a drift back down to 3%. That would calm some of the nerves in global currencies, and global markets in general.
We talked yesterday about the building pressure in emerging markets, driven by weakening currencies and rising dollar-denominated oil prices.
With that bubbling up as a potential shock risk, gold hasn’t exactly been telling the story of elevated risks.
You can see in this chart above, since the tax cuts were passed in late 2017, rates have been rising (the purple line). This is a hotter economy, pick-up in inflation story. And, as it should, gold stepped higher with rates all along–until the last few weeks. You can see the divergence in the chart above.
I suspect we’ll see gold snap back to reflect some increasing market risks, and especially to reflect a world where central banks are beginning to finally see inflation pressures build. The gold bugs loved gold when inflation was dead. And now that it’s building, they are surprisingly very quiet.
We’ve talked about the stock market’s discomfort with the 3% mark in rates. People have been concerned about whether the U.S. economy can withstand higher rates–the impact on credit demand and servicing. That fear seems to be subsiding.
But often the risk to global market stability is found where few are looking. That risk, now, seems to be bubbling up in emerging market currencies. We have a major divergence in global monetary policies (i.e. the Fed has been normalizing interest rates while the rest of the world remains anchored in emergency level interest rates). That widening gap in rates, creates capital flight out of low rate environments and in to the U.S.
That puts upward pressure on the dollar and downward pressure on these foreign currencies. And the worst hit in these cases tend to be emerging markets, where foreign direct investment in these countries isn’t very loyal (i.e. it comes in without much commitment and leaves without much deliberation).
You can see in this chart of the Brazilian real, it has been ugly …
Oil has become the potential breaking point here. At $40-oil maybe these countries hang in there until the global economic recovery heats up to the point where they can begin raising rates without crushing growth (and with a closing rate gap, their currencies begin attracting capital again). But at $70-oil, their weak currencies make their dollar-denominated energy requirements very, very expensive. They’ve had nearly a double in oil over the past ten months, and a 15% drop in their currency since January (in the case of Brazil).
Something to watch, as a lynchpin in this EM currency drama, is the Hong Kong dollar. Hong Kong has maintained a trading band on its currency since 2005 that is now sitting on the top of the band, requiring a fight by the central bank to maintain it. If they find that spending their currency reserves on defending their trading band is a losing proposition, and they let the currency float, then we could have another shock event for global markets, as these EM currencies adjust and their foreign-currency-denominated debt becomes a default risk. This all may force the rest of the global economy to start following the Fed’s lead on interest rates earlier then they would like to (to begin closing that rate gap, and avoid a shock event).
The move in the 10-year yield was the story of the day today. Yields broke back above 3% mark, and moved to a new seven-year high.
That fueled a rally in the dollar. And it put pressure on stocks, for the day.
We’re starting to see more economic data roll in, which should continue building the story of a hotter global economy. And it’s often said that the bond market is smarter than the stock market. There’s probably a good signal to be taken from the bond market that has pushed the 10-year yield back to 3% and beyond (today). It’s a story of better growth and growing price pressures, which finally represents confidence and demand in the economy.
From a data standpoint, we’re already seeing early indications that fiscal stimulus may be catapulting the economy out of the rut of the sub-2% growth and deflationary pressures that we dealt with for the decade following the financial crisis. We’ve had a huge Q1 earnings season. We’ve had a positive surprise in the Q1 growth number. The euro zone economy is growing at 2.5% year-over-year, holding toward the highest levels since the financial crisis. And we’ll get Q1 GDP from Japan tonight.
Another key pillar of Trumponomics has been deregulation. On that note, there’s been plenty of carnage across industries since the financial crisis, but no area has been crushed more by regulation than Wall Street. And under the Trump administration, those regulations are getting slashed.
Among the most damaging for big money center banks has been the banning of proprietary trading. That’s a huge driver of bank profitability that has been gone now for the past eight years. But it looks like it’s coming back. Bloomberg reported this morning that the rewrite of the Volcker Rule would drop the language that has kept the banks from short term trading.
That should create better liquidity in markets (less violent swings). And it should drive better profitability in banks. Will it lead to another financial crisis? For my take on that, here’s a link to my piece from last year: The Real Cause Of The Financial Crisis.
A few weeks ago, the markets were skittish about elevated oil prices and 3% yields. Now we have oil above $70 and yields comfortably hanging around 3%, yet stocks appear to be in a solid post-correction recovery, now up 8% from the February lows.
Meanwhile the VIX has fallen back to pre-correction levels.
What about gold, another proxy on risk? Gold has been quiet, despite the correction in stocks. But that has a lot to do with bitcoin. Bitcoin has become the gold substitute.
Let’s take a look at the behavior of bitcoin, and the bitcoin/gold relationship.
You can see here, when the bitcoin frenzy was running hot late last year, gold was moving lower, as bitcoin was climbing to record highs.
The bitcoin mania peaked almost to the day they launched bitcoin futures, which allowed hedge funds to begin shorting it. And since, we’ve had this chart …
Bottom line: If we look at the rise in bitcoin as the proxy on risk-aversion (as a gold substitute), then this downtrend of the past five months supports the VIX chart and the stock market recovery. That said, given the mass speculation in bitcoin, if we were to get a sharp collapse, it would likely trigger risk aversion in global markets.
Over the past two Friday’s we’ve stepped events and conditions that have built the case that that “all-clear” signal has been given for stocks.
We are 91% through S&P 500 earnings for Q1 and the positive surprises have continued to roll in, on both earnings growth and revenue growth. Q1 GDP growth had a positive surprise, to reflect an economy that is running very close to 3% over the past three quarters. The important FAANG stocks all beat on earnings and beat on revenues for Q1. And the big jobs report last Friday did NOT come with a hot wage growth number, which keeps the inflation outlook tame.
Now we have very compelling technical confirmation that a resumption of the big secular bull trend for stocks is resuming. This correction has given everyone a long time to get on board. But it looks like the train is leaving the station.
Here’s a look at the S&P 500 ….
This bull trend in stocks from the oil-price crash induced lows of 2016 remains intact. The trendline tested and held three times in this recent correction, as did the 200-day moving average. And yesterday we had a big break of this trendline that represents this correction of the past three months. This has been textbook technical confirmation of a price correction within a strong bull trend.
Here’s the Dow chart we looked at on Wednesday …
And here’s the latest as we end the week, as the momentum from that trend break continues …
U.S. stocks are being valued right at the long-term P/E, at about 16 times forward earnings. Stocks in the UK, Germany and Japan are all trading closer to 13 times forward earnings. That’s cheap relative to long-term averages, and especially cheap (including U.S. stocks), in ultra-low interest rate environments. For perspective, Japanese stocks are recovering back toward the highest levels in more than 25 years, yet the forward P/E on Japanese stocks is closer to the lowest levels over the period. Stocks are cheap, and this correction has been a gift to get all of the onlookers on board.
With oil above $70, today I want to revisit my note from February where we looked at billionaire-owned energy stocks that have the potential to double on higher oil prices (that note is below with updates or you can see it published here).
As I wrote that note, crude oil was trading at $63. This morning it traded close to $72. And more importantly, with the supply disruption (in the renewed Iran sanctions) combined with an already undersupplied market, we now have the recipe for a melt-UP in oil prices. That creates big opportunities in oil exploration, production and services companies (still).
FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 23, 2018
We’ve talked quite a bit over the past year about this $100 oil thesis from the research-driven commodities investors Goehring and Rozencwajg.
As they said in their recent letter, “we remain firmly convinced that oil-related investments will offer phenomenal investment returns. It’s the buying opportunity of a lifetime.”
With that, let’s take a look at some favorite energy stocks of the most informed and influential billionaire investors:
David Einhorn of Greenlight Capital has about 5% of his fund in Consol Energy (CNX). Mason Hawkins of Southeastern Asset Management is also in CNX. He has 9% of his fund in the stock, his third largest position. The last time oil was $100, CNX was a $36 stock. That’s more than a double from current levels. [Update: this is still a potential double, last price in CNX is $15.70.]
Carl Icahn’s biggest position is in energy. He has 12% of his fund in CVR Energy (CVI), which is 82% of the company. The last time oil was $100, CVI was $49. That’s 58% higher than current levels. [Update: last price on CVI is $40.60, driven higher by Icahn’s influence on a favorable EPA ruling.]
Paul Singer of Elliott Management’s third largest position is an oil play: Hess Corp. (HESS). It’s a billion-dollar stake, and the stock was twice as valuable the last time oil prices were $100. [Update: last price on Hess is $63, up significantly from my Feb note, but Hess was a $100+ stock the last time crude oil was traded at $100.]
Andreas Halvorsen of Viking Global Investors has the biggest position in his $16-billion fund in EnCana Corp. (ECA). The stock was around $25 last time oil was $100. It currently trades at $14. [Update: last price on ECA is $17.]
Stocks have a huge influence on sentiment. And sentiment has a huge influence on economic activity.
With that, for the better part of the past four months, we’ve discussed the technical correction we’ve seen in stocks. And we’ve waited patiently for a catalyst to end the correction and resume the long-term bull trend for the stock market.
That catalyst, we anticipated, would be first quarter data (namely earnings and GDP growth). Indeed, that data has confirmed that fiscal stimulus is stoking the economy – shifting it into a higher growth gear than what we’ve seen coming out of the global financial crisis.
Let’s take a look at how this has played out, and the important technical break we’ve had today in the Dow that further supports that the correction is over.
As you can see, we put in the low of this technical correction in the Dow the day after the first quarter ended. And we’ve since seen Q1 earnings roll in, with record positive earnings surprises, record margins and the hottest revenue growth we’ve seen in a long time. Toward the end of April, we had our first look at Q1 GDP growth. That too beat expectations and showed an economy that is growing at 2.875% over the past three quarters — closing in on that big 3% trend-growth level.
Along the way, we’ve tested the 200-day moving average (the purple line) and held. And today, we get a break of this big trendline from the highs of January.
And this beak in stocks comes with the 10-year yield back at 3%, and with oil above $70. While some have seen these levels as a risk to growth, they are rather reflecting a stronger economy, with surging demand.
Over the past 24-hours, global markets were obsessed with the President’s move to renew sanctions on Iran. The oil market swung around. And so did stocks, to a degree.
These are important events. They are news-worthy events. And they carry plenty of shock-value. But, without underplaying the importance, we’ve seen this movie (bold change) a lot over the past 16 months, under the Trump presidency. And despite the risks that many have feared along the way, we’re seeing a better economy, healthier companies and healthier consumers. And we’re seeing the potential for reform in the trade imbalances that led to the financial crisis.
It’s the tough talk, tough positioning and the “credibility to act” that is producing results. And Trump is working from a position of strength, leveraging the biggest economy in the world, and an economy that is leading the global economic recovery. And he continues to tick the boxes on his game plan of change (global and domestic).
But the risks from the bold change has only provided more fodder for those skittish investors that don’t believe in the growth story. That continues to reinforce their views of an ugly outcome in global financial markets. And that continues to keep investors under-exposed to stocks.
However, with the fundamental backdrop strong, and valuations cheap (relative to low interest rate environments), that should keep the cash from the doubters chasing stock prices as they move higher.
Crude oil crossed the $70 mark today, and with new sanctions to be placed on Iran, likely tomorrow, $100 oil is looking very possible.
We’ve talked a lot about oil prices over the past couple of years. In early 2016, we talked about the price crash that was induced by OPEC as an effort to crush the competitive U.S. shale industry.
While they nearly succeeded, these oil producing countries nearly killed their own economies in the process. So, in effort to drive oil prices higher, to salvage oil revenues, they flipped the switch in late 2016, cutting production for the first time since 2008. And they did so, in a market that was already undersupplied.
In my January 12th note, we revisited Leigh Goehring’s call for $100 oil. Goehring is one of the best research-driven commodities investors. And has been calling for triple-digit oil prices–this year! He predicted a surge in global oil demand (which has happened) and a drawdown on supplies (which has been happening at “the fastest rate ever experienced”). He said that with the OPEC production cuts from November 2016, we’re “traveling down the same road” as 2006, which drove oil prices to $147 a barrel by 2008.
Below is the chart of oil. A break of $70 is putting the price of oil very close to the levels that it collapsed from that Thanksgiving Day evening back in 2014. That was when OPEC announced that it opted NOT to cut production, despite an oversupply and plunging prices.