The sharp swings continue in stocks, with the bias toward the downside. And as we’ve discussed over the past two weeks, it’s all led by the tech giants. Remember, on Friday we looked at the most important chart in the stock market: the chart of Amazon (as a proxy on the tech giants). Early this afternoon, Amazon was outpacing the S&P 500 to the downside by 4-to-1, and finally the broader market cracked to follow it.
This all continues to look like the market is beginning to price in a world where the tech giants, that have taken dangerously significant market share over the past decade, are on the path of tighter regulation and a leveling of the playing field, which will result in higher costs of doing business. That will change their position of strength and open the door to a resurrection of the competition.
Remember, on the stock slide of this past Friday, the S&P 500 hit the 200-day moving average and bounced sharply. It now looks like we’ll get another test of it, probably a break, and maybe take another peak at the February lows.
Here’s a look at the chart ….
You can see in the chart above the technical significance of these levels. This represents the trend from the oil price induced lows of 2016. And the slope of this trend incorporates the optimism from the Trump election and the outlook on pro-growth policies.
With that significance at play, a breach of this support, at least for a short time, would all play into the scenario that we’ll see more swings in stocks (pain for the bulls) until we get to earnings season, which kicks into gear on April 13. And as we discussed, that should begin the data-driven catalyst for stocks (earnings and growth, fueled by fiscal stimulus).
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Stocks were down big today. The media will have fun touting the Dow’s 700-point loss. But while 700 points has good shock value, on a Dow at 24,000, it’s not what it used to be.
Still, as we’ve discussed, the media and Wall Street are programmed to fit a story to the price. And there are no shortages of potential risks to point to when stocks fall. We have trade posturing in Washington. We have a Fed that’s in a tough position, trying to balance a bullish view on growth with the perception that rising rates could choke off that growth. And we have more regulatory scrutiny growing against the tech giants — with Facebook being the latest in the hot seat.
All of that sounds like bad news. But we also have corporate earnings on pace to grow at nearly 20% this year. And that could be an undershoot, given the inability of Wall Street to calibrate the effects of tax cuts on demand. And we have a big trillion-dollar plus infrastructure plan coming down the pike too. This is all as consumers are in as healthy a position as we’ve seen in more than a decade.
But what about a trade war? Doesn’t that threaten the earnings and growth outlook. Not more than nuclear war. And that was, in the public perception, probably as much of a risk last year, as a trade war is now. Stocks went up 20% last year.
Most importantly, we’ve discussed the merits of fighting China’s currency manipulation. If we don’t, we (and the rest of the world) are destined to repeat the cycles of credit booms and busts, with a persistent wealth drain along the way.
It has to be done. And it’s best done when there is leverage. And there is leverage now, as our economic recovery has the chance to lift the global economy out of the rut of the post-crisis stagnation (i.e. everyone needs our fiscal stimulus-driven recovery to work, including China).
Now, as we’ve discussed for quite some time: Markets will correct, as they have. And corrections are a gift to buy stocks on sale. But we won’t likely see a resumption of the long-term trend higher in stocks (and likely new highs by year end) until we start seeing hard evidence that fiscal stimulus is working. And we’ll see that in earnings and growth data, much of which is still a month out.
With all of this said, we pointed last week to the signals that predicted this latest down-leg. It was the big technical reversal signals across the tech heavyweights: Amazon, Apple and Microsoft. Those three stocks led the bounce from the February lows. And those three stocks have predicted this slide and maybe retest back toward the February lows.
What may be the real casualty left from this correction in stocks, when it’s all said and done? It may be those tech giants. As we’ve discussed, the heyday of crushing competition with the advantage of little-to-no regulation, are probably coming to an end. That will change the way these companies (Facebook, Amazon, Google, Uber, Airbnb, etc) operate.
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We talked yesterday about the important inflation data. That was in line this morning. And with that, the big 3% level on the benchmark 10-year government bond yield remains well preserved.
But stocks soured anyway on the day, and it was led by the Nasdaq.
Let’s take a closer look at the Nasdaq.
This is where the big tech giants, Apple, Microsoft and Amazon have led the charge back in the index back to new record highs over the past couple of days. Those three stocks represent about a third of the index (and contribute heavily to the S&P 500 too).
But as the three tech giants led the way up, they cracked today, and we now have some very compelling signals that another down leg for stocks may be here.
First, as the broader financial markets are still licking the wounds of the sharp correction, and still jittery, Apple hit a record high valuation of $925 billion this week (sniffing near the trillion dollar valuation mark). And then it did this today…
As you can see in this chart above, Apple put in a huge bearish reversal signal (an outside day).
So did Microsoft (a huge bearish reversal signal).
So did Amazon, after breaching record levels of $1600 over the past two days …
And, not surprisingly, same is said for the Nasdaq – a big reversal signal…
The S&P 500 had the same reversal pattern.
For perspective, if we avoided the distraction of the big cap weighted indices, the Dow chart tells us the downtrend in stocks from the late January highs remains well intact.
As we discussed yesterday, the minutes from the most recent Fed meeting (which was still under Yellen) gave us some clues about the tone of a Powell-led Fed. They acknowledged the lift they expected from fiscal policy, which we didn’t hear all of last year, despite the clear telegraphing of it from the Trump administration. Powell was Trump appointed. And it looks like the Fed messaging will now reflect that.
This is from his prepared remarks today:
“The economic outlook remains strong. The robust job market should continue to support growth in household incomes and consumer spending, solid economic growth among our trading partners should lead to further gains in U.S. exports, and upbeat business sentiment and strong sales growth will likely continue to boost business investment. Moreover, fiscal policy is becoming more stimulative. In this environment, we anticipate that inflation on a 12-month basis will move up this year and stabilize around the FOMC’s 2 percent objective over the medium term. Wages should increase at a faster pace as well.”
So he’s bullish on economic output, wage growth and therefore, inflation. That’s bullish for rates. And, for the moment, what’s bullish for rates is bearish for stocks.
Oddly, on the same day Powell had his first testimony to Congress, the two former Fed chairs (Bernanke and Yellen) thought it was acceptable to host a chat about monetary policy this afternoon at the Brookings Institute.
It looked a bit like a partisan counter-punch. The same two former Fed Chairs that were, not long ago, begging Congress for fiscal stimulus to take some of the burden off of monetary policy, continue to (now) criticize the move. In fact, in Powell’s statement, he called the lack of fiscal response from Congress in past years, a headwind: “some of the headwinds the U.S. economy faced in previous years have turned into tailwinds: In particular, fiscal policy has become more stimulative.”
The takeaway from our first look at Powell: He doesn’t sound like a guy that will risk choking off the benefits of fiscal stimulus with overly aggressive “normalization” of monetary policy. That’s good.
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The Fed decided to hike interest rates by another quarter point yesterday. That was fully telegraphed and anticipated by markets. That’s the third rate hike this year, and the fifth in the post-crisis rate hiking cycle.
Still, the yield on the 10-year Treasury note (the benchmark market determined interest rate), moved lower today, not higher — and sits unchanged for the year.
We talked earlier in the week about the biggest central bank event of the month. It wasn’t the Fed, but it will be in Japan next week. Japan’s policy on pegging their 10-year yield at zero has been the anchor on global interest rates.
When they signal a change to that policy, that’s when rates will finally move.
With this divergence between what the Fed is doing (setting rates) and what market rates are doing (market-determined), people have become convinced that the interest rate market is foretelling a recession coming — i.e. short term rates have been rising, while longer term rates have been quiet, if not falling. For example, when the Fed made it’s first rate hike in December of 2015, the 30-year government bond yield was 3%. Today, after five rate hikes on the overnight Fed determined interest rate, the 30-year is just 2.72% (lower, not higher than when the Fed started).
This dynamic has created a flattening yield curve. That gets people’s attention, because historically, when the yield curve has inverted (short term rates rise above long term rates), recession has followed every time since 1950, with one exception in the late 60s.
And it turns out, this “flattening of the yield curve” indicator, historically (and ultimate inversion, when it happens), is typically driven by monetary policy (i.e. rate hikes — check). In these cases, the market anticipates the Fed killing growth and eventually leading rate cuts! They find more certainty and stability in owning longer term bonds (leaving short term bonds pushing those rates up and moving into long term bonds, pushing those rates down — inverting the curve).
The question, is that the case this time? Or is this time different. It’s rarely a good idea in markets to think this time is different than the past. But in this case, following trillions of dollars of central bank intervention and a near implosion in the global economy, it’s probably safe to say that this time is certainly different than past recessions. Though the Fed is in a hiking cycle, rates remain well below long term averages. And, as we know, we have unconventional monetary policies at work in other key areas of the world — stoking liquidity, growth and skewing demand for U.S. Treasuries (which suppresses those long term interest rates).
So the flattening yield curve fears are probably misplaced, especially given big fiscal stimulus is coming. And when Japan moves off of its “zero yield policy,” the U.S. yield curve may steepen more quickly than people think is possible.
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We had a jobs report this past Friday. The unemployment rate is at 4.1%. We’re adding about 172k jobs a month on average, over the past twelve months. These are great looking numbers (and have been for quite some time). Yet employees, broadly speaking, still haven’t been able to command higher wages. Wage growth continues to be on the soft side.
With little leverage in the job market, consumers tend not to chase prices in goods and services higher — and they tend not to take much risk. This tells you something about the health of the job market (beneath the headline numbers) and about the robustness of the economy. And this lack of wage growth plays into the weak inflation surprise that has perplexed the Fed. And the weak growth that has perplexed all policy makers (post-crisis). That’s why fiscal stimulus is needed!
And this could all change with the impending corporate tax cut. The biggest winners in a corporate tax cut are workers. The Tax Foundation thinks a cut in the corporate tax rate would double the current annual change in wages.
As I’ve said, I think we’re in the cusp of an economic boom period — one that we’ve desperately needed, following a decade of global deleveraging. And today is the first time I’ve heard the talking heads in the financial media discuss this possibility — that we may be entering an economic boom.
Now, we’ve talked quite a bit about the run in the big tech giants through the post-crisis era — driven by a formula of favor from the Obama administration, which included regulatory advantages and outright government funding (in the case of Tesla). And we’ve talked about the risk that this run could be coming to an end, courtesy of tighter regulation.
Uber has already run into bans in key markets. We’ve had the repeal of “net neutrality” which may ultimate lead big platforms like Google, Twitter, Facebook and Uber, to transparency of their practices and accountability for the actions of its users (that would be a game changer). And we now know that Trump is considering that Amazon might be a monopoly and harmful to the economy.
With this in mind, and with fiscal stimulus in store for next year, 2018 may be the year of the bounce back in the industries that have been crushed by the “winner takes all” platform that these internet giants have benefited from over the past decade.
That’s probably not great for the FAANG stocks, but very good for beaten down survivors in retail, energy, media (to name a few).
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With all that’s going on in the world, the biggest news of the day has been Bitcoin.
People love to watch bubbles build. And then the emotion of “fear of missing out” kicks in. And this appears to be one.
Bitcoin traded above $16,000 this morning. In one “market” it traded above $18,000 (which simply means some poor soul was shown a price 11% above the real market and paid it).
As we’ve discussed, there is no way to value bitcoin. There is no intrinsic value. To this point, it has been bought by people purely on the expectation that someone will pay them more for it, at some point. So it’s speculation on human psychology.
Let’s take a look at what some of the most sophisticated and successful investors of our time think about it…
Billionaire Carl Icahn, the legendary activist investor that has the longest and best track record in the world (yes, better than Warren Buffett): “I don’t understand it… If you read history books about all of these bubbles…this is what this is.”
Billionaire Warren Buffett, the best value investor of all-time: “Stay away from it. It’s a mirage… the idea that it has some huge intrinsic value is a joke. It’s a way of transmitting money.”
Billionaire Jamie Dimon, head of one of the biggest global money center banks in the world: “It’s not a real thing. It’s a fraud.”
Billionaire Ray Dalio, founder of one of the biggest hedge funds in the world: “Bitcoin is a bubble… It’s speculative people, thinking they can sell it at a higher price…and so, it’s a bubble.”
Billionaire investor Leon Cooperman: “I have no money in bitcoin. There’s euphoria in bitcoin.”
Billionaire distressed debt and special situations investor, Marc Lasry: “I should have bought bitcoin when it was $300. I don’t understand it. It might make sense to try to participate in it, but I can’t give you any analysis as to why it makes sense or not. I think it’s real, as it coming into the mainstream.”
Billionaire hedge funder Ken Griffin: “It’s not the future of currency. I wouldn’t call it a fraud either. Bitcoin has many of the elements of the Tulip bulb mania.”
Now, these are all Wall Streeters. And they haven’t participated. But this all started as another disruptive technology venture. So what do billionaire tech investors think about it…
Billionaire Jerry Yang, founder of Yahoo: “Bitcoin as a digital currency is not quite there yet. I personally am a believer that digital currency can play a role in our society, but for now it seems to be driven by the hype of investing and getting a return, as opposed to transactions.”
Mark Cuban: He first called it a “bubble.” He now is invested in a cryptocurrency hedge fund but calls it a “Hail Mary.”
Michael Novagratz, former Wall Streeter and hedge fund manager. He once was a billionaire and may be again at this point, thanks to bitcoin: “The whole market cap of all of the cryptocurrencies is $300 billion. That’s nothing. This is global. I have a sense this can go a lot further.” He equates it to an alternative to, or replacement for, the value of holding gold – which is an $8 trillion market… “over the medium term, this thing is going to go a lot higher.” But he acknowledges it shouldn’t be more than 1% to 3% of an average persons net worth.
Now with all of this in mind, billionaire Thomas Peterffy, one of the richest men in the country and founder of the largest electronic broker in the U.S., Interactive Brokers, has warned against creating exchange traded contracts on bitcoin. He says a large move in the price could destabilize the clearing organizations (the big futures exchanges) which could destabilize the real economy.
With that, futures launch on Bitcoin on Sunday at the Chicago Mercantile Exchange. This is about to get very interesting.
It’s hard to predict the catalyst that might prick a market bubble. And there always tends to be an interconnectedness across the economy to bubbles, that aren’t clear before it’s pricked (i.e. some sort of domino effect).
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U.S. stocks printed new record highs again today, as numbers come in for the Black Friday period, which carries through Cyber Monday.
The National Retail Federation has projected about 4% growth in the number from last year, which is better than the past two years, but a bit softer than 2014, 2011 and 2010.
But it’s a safe bet we’ll see better than expected numbers before the shopping season is over. If we take the Atlanta Fed’s GDP forecast for the fourth quarter (which admittedly changes like the wind), we’re on pace to have the second hottest growth for the year, since the Great Recession. And, of course, consumers are in as healthy a position as they’ve been in a long time—housing prices are nearing pre–crisis levels, household net worth is on record highs, consumer credit is on record highs, but so is consumer credit worthiness.
Add to that: The stock market is at record highs. The unemployment rate is 4.1%. Inflation is low. Gas is cheap ($2.38), and stable. Mortgage rates are under 4%, and stable. And you can borrow money for five years at 2% to buy a car.
And then there’s the confidence the economy is improving and that a raise is coming (through tax cuts and a corporate tax cut which should ultimately drive wages higher). Here’s a look at the Conference Board’s Consumer Confidence Index—at 17–year highs…
Later in the week we’ll hear from OPEC on their plans to extend their production cuts to keep the upward pressure on oil prices. We’ve talked about the case for an explosive move higher in oil prices, given the impact the oil price crash of last year has had on supply. Meanwhile demand has picked up, and OPEC has been cutting production into this scenario. As we sit about 20% higher in oil prices since OPEC announced its first production cut in eight years (last November), there are now some building voices for much higher oil prices as we head into this week’s meeting.
We talked last week about what may be the bottom in the “decline of the retail store” story.
Walmart may be leading the way back for traditional retail. And it’s doing so, in part, by pouring money into e-commerce to fight back against Amazon.
Just as the energy industry has been beaten down by the rise of electric vehicles and clean energy, the bricks and mortar retail industry has been beaten down by the rise of Amazon. But those energy and retail companies that have survived the storm may have magnificent comebacks. They’re getting fiscal stimulus, which will lower their tax rates and should pop consumer demand. And they may be getting help with the competition. The regulatory game may be changing for the Internet giants that have nearly put them out of business.
Over the past decade, the Internet giants of today have had a confluence of advantages. They’ve played by a different rule book (one with practically no rules in it). And many of the giants that have emerged as dominant powers today, did so through direct government funding or through favor with the Obama administration.
One of the cofounders of Facebook became the manager of Obama’s online campaign in early 2007. In 2008, the DNC convention in Denver gave birth to Airbnb. By 2009, the nearly $800 billion stimulus package included $100 billion worth of funding and grants for the “the discovery, development and implementation of various technologies.” In June 2009, the government loaned Tesla $465 million to build the model S. In 2014, Uber hired David Plouffe, a senior advisor to President Obama and his former campaign manager to fight regulation.
The U.K.’s Guardian has a very good piece (here) on what this has turned into, and the power that has come with it, calling it “winner takes all capitalism.”
This all makes today’s decision to repeal “net neutrality” very interesting. Is this the event that will ultimately lead to the reigning in the powerful tech giants? For the big platforms like Google, Twitter, Facebook and Uber, will it lead to transparency of their practices and accountability for the actions of its users? If so, the business models change and the Wild West days of the Internet may be coming to an end.
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As we head into the Thanksgiving day weekend, let’s talk about oil and Saudi Arabia.
On Thanksgiving night three years ago oil was trading around $73, when the Saudis blocked a vote on an OPEC production cut. Oil dropped 10% that night, and that set off a massive oil price bust that ultimately bottomed out early last year at $26.
The goal of the Saudis was to put the emerging, competitive U.S. shale industry out of business–to force oil prices lower so that these shale companies couldn’t product profitably. The plan: They go away, and Saudi Arabia retains its power on global oil. It nearly worked. Shale companies started dropping like flies, with more than 100 bankruptcies between 2015 and 2016.
But cheap oil had broader implications for the global economy, following the Great Recession. It exposed the global banks that had lent the shale industry hundreds of billions of dollars.
Additionally, collapsing oil prices directly weighed on inflation measures and the inflation expectations. That was bad news for the central banks that had committed trillions of dollars to avert a deflationary spiral and promote a normalization of inflation. High inflation is bad. Deflation is worse. Once a deflationary mindset takes hold, it feeds into more deflation. Central banks can raise rates to kill inflation. They have few tools to fight deflation (especially after the financial crisis).
So cheap oil became bad news for the fragile global economic recovery. With that, central banks stepped in early last year and responded with coordinated easing (which included direct asset purchases, which likely included outright oil and oil-related ETFs). Oil bottomed the day the Bank of Japan intervened in the currency market, and prices jumped 50% in a month as other major central banks followed with intervention.
Now, the other piece of this story: cheap oil damaged the shale industry and the global economy, but it also damaged the same folks that set the collapse into motion–Saudi Arabia and other oil producing countries. These countries, which are heavily reliant on oil revenues, have seen their budget deficits balloon. So, with all of the above in mind, in November of last year, the oil producing countries (led by Saudi Arabia) reversed course on their plan, by promising the first production cuts since 2008.
Oil prices have now recovered to the mid-$50s. And since OPEC announced production cuts last year at this time, U.S. petroleum supply has drawn down 5%. Meanwhile, global demand is running far hotter than forecasts of last year. Yet, OPEC is extending their production cuts into this market and may get even bolder next week at their November meeting. Why? Because now it suits them. Remember, Saudi Arabia’s next king has been cleaning house over the past two weeks, in the process of seizing hundreds of billions of dollars from his political foes. Higher oil prices help his efforts to reshape the Saudi economy.
As liquidity dries up into the end of year and holidays, we may see oil find its way back up toward those November 2014 levels (low $70s)–where the whole price-bust debacle started.
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We talked last week about what may be the bottom in the “decline of the retail store” story.
As we head into the Thanksgiving day weekend, let’s talk about oil and Saudi Arabia.